2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

Toll-like Receptor (TLR)

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-P10897
    SjDX5-271
    		Inhibitor
    SjDX5-271 is a small 3 kDa peptide. SjDX5-271 inhibits the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. SjDX5-271 induces cell polarization. SjDX5-271 alleviats hepatic inflammation. SjDX5-271 protects mice against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.
    SjDX5-271
  • HY-150745
    ODN 24987
    		Inhibitor
    ODN 24987 is a Guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotides (ODN), targeting TLR9. ODN 24987 can inhibit IL-6 and IFN-α release. ODN 24987 can be used for research immune disorders. ODN 24987 sequence: 5’-C-C-T-G-G-C-c7G-G-G-G-3’.
    ODN 24987
  • HY-N11768
    4-Methoxylonchocarpin
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    4-Methoxylonchocarpin is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. 4-methoxylonchocarpin inhibits the binding of LPS to Toll-like Receptor (TLR) TLR4 to inhibit NF-κB activation and TNF Receptor and IL-6 expression. 4-Methoxylonchocarpin also inhibits the phosphorylation of TGF-beta activated kinase 1 and TNBS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-17A, and TNF. 4-methoxylonchocarpin can improve 2,4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mouse model.
    4-Methoxylonchocarpin
  • HY-105070A
    Eritoran tetrasodium
    		Antagonist
    Eritoran tetrasodium (E5564) is a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist. Eritoran tetrasodium protects mice against lethal influenza virus infection, such as Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus (MARV). Eritoran tetrasodium decreases the level of granulocytosis, may alleviate the severity of the "cytokine storm". Eritoran tetrasodium inhibits pathogenesis of filovirus infection. Eritoran tetrasodium has anti-inflammatory activity.
    Eritoran tetrasodium
  • HY-RS14580
    TLR2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    TLR2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for TLR2 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    TLR2 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-P5117
    TAT-CIRP
    		Inhibitor 98.32%
    TAT-CIRP is a a small peptide, refers to Trans-trans-activating (Tat)-cold-inducible RNA binding protein. TAT-CIRP is an inhibitor of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2). TAT-CIRP exhibits robust neuroprotection against ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in mice.
    TAT-CIRP
  • HY-154438
    RDR 02308
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    RDR 02308 is a TLR4-MyD88 binding inhibitor that inhibits full-length β-lactamase.
    RDR 02308
  • HY-N3097
    Pellitorine
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    Pellitorine is a bioactive natural amide compound. Pellitorine can competitively antagonize the activation of TRPV1 by Capsaicin (HY-10448), thereby reducing pain signal transmission. Pellitorine improves cognitive dysfunction by upregulating the BDNF-ERK1/2-CREB and Nrf2-HO-1 pathways. Pellitorine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-sepsis effects by inhibiting the release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and the expression of RAGE/TLR4. Pellitorine exerts its antithrombotic effect by prolonging the clotting time, inhibiting the activity of clotting factors and thrombin. Pellitorine inhibits lipid peroxidation and resists ferroptosis by upregulating GPX4 and DHODH. Pellitorine kills Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae by inhibiting V-type H⁺-ATPase and aquaporin 4 (AaAQP4). Pellitorine exhibits anti-cancer activity (e.g., leukemia and breast cancer) and has inhibitory effects on certain bacteria.
    Pellitorine
  • HY-107202GL
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (GMP Like)
    		Agonist
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) (GMP Like) is the GMP Like class Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (HY-107202), and can be used as pharmaceutical excipients. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (GMP Like)
  • HY-146245B
    FITC-labeled ODN 1826 sodium
    		Agonist
    FITC-labeled ODN 1826 (sodium), a class B CpG ODN (oligodeoxynucleotide), is a TLR9 agonist. FITC-labeled ODN 1826 (sodium) can be used to evaluate CpG ODN cellular uptake and localization by confocal laser-scanning microscopy (excitation 495 nm, emission 520 nm) or flow cytometry.
    FITC-labeled ODN 1826 sodium
  • HY-176774
    L07-2
    		Agonist
    L07-2 (Compound 6) is an active scaffold comprising a stimulator of TLR7/8. L07-2 can be used for synthesis of immune-stimulating antibody conjugates (ISACs) for cancers research.
    L07-2
  • HY-N8413
    Chlojaponilactone B
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Chlojaponilactone B is a lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid with anti-inflammatory properties. Chlojaponilactone B suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting TLR4 and subsequently decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, downregulating the NF-κB, thus reducing the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines iNOS, NO, COX-2, IL-6 and TNF-α.
    Chlojaponilactone B
  • HY-160230
    ssRNA41 sodium
    		Chemical
    ssRNA41 sodium is a 20-mer phosphothioate protected single-stranded RNA oligonucleotide. It derives from ssRNA40 by replacement of all U nucleotides with adenosine. ssRNA41 sodium is unable to induce the production of type IFNs, and therefore can be used as a negative control for ssRNA40.
    ssRNA41 sodium
  • HY-RS14600
    Tlr9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
    		Inhibitor

    Tlr9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Tlr9 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
    Tlr9 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A
  • HY-N7088R
    Raffinose (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Raffinose (Standard) is the analytical standard of Raffinose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active.
    Raffinose (Standard)
  • HY-123789
    T5342126
    		Antagonist 98.1%
    T-5342126 is a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist. It reduces LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells (IC50=27.8 μM), as well as decreases LPS-induced IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6 production in isolated human whole blood (IC50s=110.5, 315.6, and 318.4 μM, respectively). T-5342126 (82 mg/kg) reduces ethanol intake and the abundance of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), a marker of microglial activation, in the central nucleus of the amygdala in ethanol-dependent mice.
    T5342126
  • HY-N9347
    Stepharine
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Stepharine, an natural alkaloid, directly interactes with TLR4 and binds to the TLR4/MD2 complex (TLR4 inhibitor). Stepharine possesses anti-aging, anti-viral and anti-hypertensive effects.
    Stepharine
  • HY-P1180
    Pam3CSK4
    		Agonist
    Pam3CSK4 is a toll-like receptor 1/2 (TLR1/2) agonist with an EC50 of 0.47 ng/mL for human TLR1/2.
    Pam3CSK4
  • HY-158694A
    TLR7 agonist 20 hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.86%
    TLR7 agonist 20 hydrochloride is an imidazoquinoline analogue. TLR7 agonist 20 hydrochloride is a potent TLR7 specific agonist, with an EC50 value of 0.23 μM for hTLR7. TLR7 agonist 20 hydrochloride shows strong adjuvant activity on spike antibody levels which induces a strong T helper 1 (Th1) response with increase in IgG2b and IgG2c, in addition to IgG1.
    TLR7 agonist 20 hydrochloride
  • HY-153839A
    ODN 4084-F sodium
    		Inhibitor
    ODN 4084-F sodium is a class B (‘broadly-active’) inhibitory ODN. ODN 4084-F sodium is potent inhibitor of TLR9-induced B cells and macrophages.
    ODN 4084-F sodium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Comparison

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